By Antonio L. Luque, Antonio L. Luque, Viacheslav M. Andreev
Photovoltaic solar-energy conversion is without doubt one of the so much promising applied sciences for producing renewable strength, and conversion of targeted sun may end up in decreased fee for sun electrical energy. actually, photovoltaic conversion of targeted sun insures an effective and good value sustainable strength source. This e-book offers an outline of all parts, e.g. cells, concentrators, modules and structures, for structures of concentrator photovoltaics. The authors record on major effects relating to layout, expertise, and functions, and likewise disguise the basic physics and marketplace issues. particular contributions comprise: concept and perform of solar concentrators; an outline of concentrator PV actions; an outline of concentrator sun cells; layout and expertise of modules and structures; production points; and a industry research.
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13. Evolution of parameters of injection lasers and solar cells based on III-V heterostructures. Dashed lines left axis, the evolution of threshold current for three generations of injection lasers. Solid lines right axis, the evolution of efficiency in solar cells based on different structures produced by a particular technique always served as a criterion of perfection for this technique. The definition a “laser-quality material” implied that, owing to high crystal perfection, a given heterostructure would be capable of operating at the super-high excitation densities necessary for lasing.
The main achievement here was the MOCVD technique. This method was derived in the course of the development and improvement of injection lasers, LEDs and secondgeneration photocells based on III-V compounds. The following improvements were introduced into the structure of solar cells. Firstly, the wide-gap AlGaAs window was optimized, and its thickness became comparable with that of the nano-sized active regions in heterolasers. The AlGaAs layer served also as the third component in the triple-layered antireflection coating of a photocell (ARC; Fig.
A. J. Terrón, I. Tobías, G. Sala, J. Alonso. Proc IEEE PV Specialists Conference (IEEE New York, 1991), 99 13. M. O’Neill, A. McDanal, R. Walters, J. Perry. Proc 22nd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (IEEE, New York, 1991), 523 14. A. W. R. Wenham, S. R. Willison, M. Taouk, T. Szpitalak. Proc 18th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (IEEE, New York, 1985), 39 15. M. C. P. Nagle. Proc 12th EC Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference. (Stephens, Belford, 1994), 531 16. A. Luque, G. C. Arboiro, T. Bruton, D.